859-8379-001-02-501864模块备件

859-8379-001-02-501864

DTC. The main motor control parameters are updated 40,000
times a second. This allows extremely rapid response on the
shaft and is necessary so that the motor model (see step 2) can
update this information.
It is this processing speed that brings the high performance figures including a static speed control accuracy, without encoder,
of ±0.5 percent and the torque response of less than 2 ms.
Basic control theory
Technical guide No. 1 | Direct torque control 31
1
Speed control
Step 5 Torque reference controller
Within the torque reference controller, the speed control output
is limited by the torque limits and DC bus voltage.
It also includes speed control for cases when an external torque
signal is used. The internal torque reference from this block is
fed to the torque comparator.
Step 6 Speed controller
The speed controller block consists both of a PID controller
and an acceleration compensator. The external speed reference
signal is compared to the actual speed produced in the motor
model. The error signal is then fed to both the PID controller The aim of this Technical guide No. 2* is to give a straight-forward
explanation of how the various EU Council Directives relate to
power drive systems (PDSs). For an explanation of the terminology of PDSs, see pages 21 and 22.
While Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) is the subject of
most concern within the industry, it must be realised that the
EMC Directive is only part of the overall EU initiative on common
safety standards.
It is the intention of this guide to offer users of AC or DC power
drive systems - whether machine builders, system designers,
distributors, OEMs, end-users or installers - some clear practical
guidelines and courses of action.
*Notes
1 The content of this technical guide is ABB Oy’s, Drives interpretation of events as of July 2007. However, we reserve
the right to develop and evolve these interpretations as more
details become available from notified bodies (see chapter 6),
competent authorities (see chapter 6), organisations and from
our own tests.
2 Other technical guides available in this series include:
Technical guide No. 1 -
 Direct torque control (3AFE58056685)
Technical guide No. 3 -
 EMC compliant installation and configuration for a power drive
system (3AFE61348280)
Technical guide No. 4 -
 Guide to variable speed drives (3AFE61389211)
Technical guide No. 5 -
 Bearing currents in modern AC drive systems
 (3AFE64230247)
Technical guide No. 6 -
 Guide to harmonics with AC drives (3AFE64292714)
Technical guide No. 7 -
 Dimensioning of a drive system (3AFE64362569)
10 EU Council Directives | Technical guide No. 2
Introduction
Technical guide No. 8 -
 Electrical braking (3AFE64362534)
 Technical guide No. 9 -
 Guide to motion control drives (3AFE68695201)
Technical guide No. 10 -
 Functional safety (3AUA0000048753)
How to use this guide
The guide is divided into 7 sections.
Section 4 looks at purchasing decisions for PDSs. Please note
the following about the structure of this section:
Responsibilities and actions
Each type of purchaser is offered an explanation of their responsibilities. This is for awareness. No action is needed.
Following the responsibilities is a set of actions. If the purchaser
follows these actions, step-by-step, then conforming to the
relevant directives will be straightforward.
Tickboxes
Alongside the actions are tickboxes. Purchasers can photocopy
the relevant pages and use them as a checklist with each item
being ticked off as it is achieved.
Cross-referencing
Because of the complexity of conforming to each directive, this
guide inevitably carries a lot of cross-references to other sections. In the margin you will come across:
Defined on page XX
You are advised to turn to the page number reference.
You will also notice other references within the text. These can
be referred to if the item is unclear but is not essential for achieving compliance.
Key point:
Within the text you will see:
Key point
These are key observations that must be observed.
Technical guide No. 2 | EU Council Directives 11
2
Chapter 2 - General questions and answers
It is very important that users of PDSs fully understand all the
various rules and regulations and how they apply to PDSs. That
is the purpose of this guide.
What are these EU Council Directives?
It is important to realise that EMC cannot be divorced from other
European legislation. So before answering this question, we need
to look at the other legislation and how it affects the purchase
and installation of drives.
Quite simply there are three directives that mainly affect a drive’s
safety against risks and hazards. These are:
But more on each of these directives later. Let us first explain
EMC and look at some concerns of the industry.
How does EMC affect me?
From January 1, 1996 the EU Council’s Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (89/336/EEC and it’s successor 2004/108/EC)
has been compulsory. It applies to all electrical and electronic
equipment sold within the EU and affects virtually all manufacturers and importers of electrical and electronic goods.
Key point:
Electrical equipment that does not conform to the regulations
may not be sold anywhere in the EEA (European Economic Area).
What is EMC?
EMC stands for Electromagnetic Compatibility. It is the ability of
electrical/electronic equipment to operate problem-free within
an electromagnetic environment. Likewise, the equipment must
not disturb or interfere with any other products or systems within
its locality.
Directive Mandatory Page
Machinery Directive 1995-01-01 pg 55
Low Voltage Directive 1997-01-01 pg 56
EMC Directive 1996-01-01 pg 57
12 EU Council Directives | Technical guide No. 2
General questions and answers
What is an electromagnetic environment?
The electromagnetic environment is everywhere but it varies
from place to place. The reason is that there are many different
sources of disturbance which can be natural or man-made.
Natural sources consist of electrical discharge between clouds,
lightning or other atmospheric disturbances. While we cannot
influence these sources we can protect our products and systems from their effects.
Man-made disturbances are those generated by, for example,
electrical contacts and semiconductors, digital systems like microprocessors, mobile radio transmitters, walkie-talkies, portable
car telephones and power drive systems.
Such a variety of equipment, each with its own emission characteristics, is often used so near to other electrical equipment
that the field strengths they create may cause interferences.
Key point:
It is important that all PDSs are immune to these natural and
man-made disturbances. While drives manufacturers strive to
make their products immune, the directive lays down minimum
standards for immunity, thereby ensuring all manufacturers
achieve the same basic level.
How does electromagnetic interference show up?
Electromagnetic interference shows up in a variety of ways.
Typical examples of interference include a poorly suppressed
automobile engine or dynamo; an electric drill causing patterning
on the TV screen; or crackling from an AM radio.
The microprocessor and power electronic component, switch
rapidly and therefore, can cause interference at high frequencies,
unless proper precautions are taken.
What emissions can drives cause?
The normal operation of any drive involves rapid switching of
high voltages and this can produce radio frequency emission. It
is this radiation and emission that have been seen to have the
potential to disturb other circuits at frequencies below 200 MHz.
Modern equipment contains considerable communications and
other digital electronics. This can cause considerable emissions
at frequencies above 200 MHz.
Technical guide No. 2 | EU Council Directives 13
2
General questions and answers
How is this emission seen?
The main emission is via conduction to the mains. Radiation
from the converter and conducting cables is another type of
emission and it is especially demanding to achieve the radiated
emission limits.
How do I avoid electromagnetic interference?
You need to ensure two things:
– that the equipment generates minimum emission.
– that the equipment is immune to outside effects.
Key point:
In the case of power drive systems, a lot depends on the quality
of the installation.
Electromagnetic interference needs to be conducted to earth
(ground potential) and no system can work unless it is properly
grounded.
Drives manufacturers must comply with EMC standards then?
Unfortunately, the process is not that simple. Virtually everyone
in the supply chain has a responsibility to ensure a product, a
system and an installation complies with the essential requirements of the EMC Directive.
The key is to clearly understand who has responsibility for what.
In the forthcoming pages we take a look at various types of
purchasers and examine the steps each should take to meet all
three directives mentioned on page 11.
Everyone from manufacturer to installer to user has a responsibility in complying with EMC rules.
If a drive is CE marked, I need not worry. True?
Again this is a big misconception. Just because a drive has CE
marking does not necessarily mean it meets the EMC Directive.
14 EU Council Directives | Technical guide No. 2
Key point:
This will all become clear by referring to the section purchasing
decisions for PDSs, page 21.
CE marking according to the EMC Directive cannot normally be
applied to a module that is no more than a chassis with exposed
terminals.
General questions and answers
Technical guide No. 2 | EU Council Directives 15
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Chapter 3 - CE marking
What is CE marking and how relevant is it for drives?
CE marking, shown below, is the official signature of the Declaration of conformity (see pages 43 and 44) as governed by
the European Commission. It is a very specific graphic symbol
and must be separated from other marks.
CE marking is a system of self certification to identify equipment
that complies with the relevant applicable directives.
If a drive is the subject of several directives and, for example,
conforms with the Low Voltage Directive (see page 56), then,
from 1997, it is compulsory that it shows CE marking. That
marking shall indicate that the drive also conforms to the EMC
Directive (page 57). CE marking shall indicate conformity only
to the directive(s) applied by the manufacturer.
Key point:
NOTE: There must be technical documentation supporting the
Declaration of conformity.
For more on technical documentation, please refer to pages
from 36 to 40.
What is CE marking for?
CE marking is mainly for the benefit of authorities throughout
the EU and EEA countries who control the movement of goods.
CE marking shows that the product complies with the essential
requirements of all relevant directives, mainly in the area of technical safety, compatibility issues and conformity assessment. There
are three directives that are relevant to drives, but CE marking
may be attached to indicate compliance with one of them only
(see the previous page).
16 EU Council Directives | Technical guide No. 2
CE marking
Is CE marking a quality mark?
Most definitely not. As CE marking is self certification, you can
be assured that certification has been carried out.
What is the legal position regarding CE marking?
Anyone applying CE marking is legally liable and must be able
to prove the validity of his actions to the authorities. CE marking
confirms compliance with the directives listed in the Declaration
of conformity (see pages 43 and 44).
What is the importance of CE marking for purchasers of drives?
As far as a purchaser of a drive is concerned, anything that carries the CE mark must have a functional value to him.
Thus, a complete drive product, which can be safely cabled and
powered up on its own, shall carry the CE marking.
If I buy a CE marked drive, will I meet the technical requirements of the
directives?
In practice, you will see drive products with CE marking. But it
is important to understand just why the product was given CE
marking in the first place.
Basically a drive has no functional value. It is only of practical
use when connected to, say, a motor which in turn is connected
to a load.
Therefore, as far as the Machinery Directive is concerned a drive
cannot have CE marking unless it is part of a “process” comprising the drive, motor and load.
As for the EMC Directive, the equipment that make up a “process”
include cabling, drives and motor. CE marking can only be affixed
if all items forming such a “process” conform to the requirements
of the directive. Therefore, the drive manuals include detailed
instructions for installation.
However, in the eyes of the Low Voltage Directive, a built drive
does have functionality. That is, through the drive’s parameters
you can program the drive and obtain an input and output signal.
Thus, if a drive conforms to the Low Voltage Directive it can carry
CE marking. Refer to pages from 58 to 60 for explanations of
the three directives.
Technical guide No. 2 | EU Council Directives 17
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CE marking
What happens if, as an end-user, I put together a system -
do I have to put CE marking on?
Yes. Anyone putting together a system and commissioning it is
responsible for the appropriate CE marking.
Key point:
Turn to page 31 for more details about the end-user’s responsibilities.
What about spare parts that I buy for a drive? Do I negate the CE mark if
I replace a component?
Equipment supplied before the application of the directives,
can be repaired and supplied with spare parts to bring it back
to the original specification. However, it cannot be enhanced or
reinstalled without meeting the directives.
For equipment supplied after the application of the directives,
the use of the manufacturer’s spare parts should not negate the
CE marking. However, the manufacturer or supplier should be
consulted about upgrading, as some actions could affect the
CE marking criteria.
If drives are classed as components, on subassemlies they cannot be
EMC certified or carry a CE mark. Is this true?
You need to first understand the terminology now being applied
to drives. See below and pages 21 and 22 for this.
A complete drive module (CDM) is normally a component in a
system and as such has no functional value unless it is connected
to the motor when it becomes a PDS.
The CDM shall be CE marked if it is to be installed with simple
connections and adjustments that do not require any EMCknowledge.
If awareness of the EMC implication is needed in order to install
a CDM, it is not considered as an apparatus. Thus, it shall not
be CE marked according to the EMC directives.
If a CDM or BDM is intended for incorporation in PDS by professional manufacturers only (panel builders, machine builders), it
shall not be CE marked, nor is Declaration of conformity given
by the CDM/BDM manufacturer. Instead installation instructions
shall be supplied in order to help the professional manufacturers.
18 EU Council Directives | Technical guide No. 2
In summary
The EMC Directive defines equipment as any apparatus or fixed
installation. As there are separate provisions for apparatus and
fixed installations, it is important that the correct category of the
equipment is determined.
In technical-commercial classifications the following terminology is frequently used: components, sub-assemblies, finished
appliances (ie, finished products), a combination of finished
appliances (ie, a system), apparatus, fixed installations and
equipment.
The key issue here is whether the item to be considered is for
end users or not:
– If it is meant for end users, the EMC directive applies
– If it is meant for manufacturers or assemblers, the EMC directive does not apply
Components or subassemblies intended for incorporation into an
apparatus by the end users
A manufacturer may place components or sub-assemblies on
the market which are:
– For incorporation into an apparatus by the end-user,
– Available to end users and likely to be used by them.
These components or sub-assemblies are to be considered as
apparatus with regard to the application of the EMC. The instructions for use accompanying the component or sub-assembly
should include all relevant information, and should assume that
adjustments or connections can be performed by an end-user
not aware of the EMC implications.
Some variable speed power drive products fall into this category,
eg, a drive with enclosure and sold as a complete unit (CDM) to
the enduser who installs it into his own system. All provisions of
the EMC Directive will apply (CE mark, Declaration of conformity
and technical documentation).
Components or subassemblies intended for incorporation into an
apparatus by the other manufacturer or assembler
Components or sub-assemblies intended for incorporation into
an apparatus or an other sub-assembly by other manufacturers
or assemblers are not considered to be “apparatus” and are
therefore not covered by the EMC Directive. These components
include resistors, cables, terminal blocks, etc.
CE marking
Technical guide No. 2 | EU Council Directives 19
2
Some variable speed power drive products fall into this category
as well, eg, basic drive module (BDM). These are meant to be
assembled by a professional assembler (eg, panel builder or
system manufacturer) into a cabinet not in the scope of delivery
of the manufacturer of the BDM. According to the EMC Directive,
the requirement for the BDM supplier is to provide instructions
for installation and use.
Note:
The manufacturer or assembler of the panel or system is responsible for CE mark, Declaration of conformity and technical
documentation.
Finished appliance
A finished appliance is any device or unit containing electrical
and/or electronic components or sub-assemblies that delivers a
function and has its own enclosure. Similarly than components,
the interpretation finished appliance can be divided into two
categories: it can be intended for the end users, or for the other
manufacturers or assemblers.
Finished appliance intended for the end users
A finished appliance is considered as apparatus in the sense of
the EMC Directive, if it is intended for the end-user and thus has
to fulfill all the applicable provisions of the Directive.
Finished appliance intended for the other manufacturer or assembler
When the finished appliance is intended exclusively for an industrial assembly operation for incorporation into other apparatus, it is not an apparatus in the sense of the EMC Directive
and consequently the EMC Directive does not apply for such
finished appliances.
Systems (Combination of finished appliances)
A combination of several finished appliances which is combined,
and/or designed and/or put together by the same person (ie,
the system manufacturer) and is intended to be placed on the
market for distribution as a single functional unit for an end-user
and intended to be installed and operated together to perform
a specific task.
All provisions of the EMC Directive, as defined for apparatus, apply to the
combination as a whole.
CE marking
20 EU Council Directives | Technical guide No. 2
CE marking
Apparatus
Apparatus means any finished appliance or combination thereof
made commercially available (ie, placed on the market) as a
single functional unit, intended for the end-user, and liable to
generate electromagnetic disturbance, or the performance of
which is liable to be affected by such disturbance.
Fixed installation
A particular combination of several types of apparatus, equipment and/or components, which are assembled, installed and
intended to be used permanently at a predefined location.
Equipment
Any apparatus or fixed installation
Technical guide No. 2 | EU Council Directives 21
2
Chapter 4 - Purchasing decisions for PDSs
What you need to know and do
Starting on page 23, we offer a step-by-step guide relating
to your purchasing requirements for power drive systems.
Key point:
Before turning to page 23, you need to know the following terms
for PDSs and their component parts, which may be unfamiliar
to many users.
1. Basic drive module (BDM) consists of the converter
section and the control circuits needed for torque or
speed. A BDM is the essential part of the power drive
system taking electrical power from a 50 Hz constant
frequency supply and converting it into a variable form
for an electric motor.
2. Complete drive module (CDM) consists of the drive
system without the motor and the sensors mechanically
coupled to the motor shaft. The CDM also includes
the Basic Drive Module (BDM) and a feeder section.
Devices such as an incoming phase-shift transformer
for a 12-pulse drive are considered part of the CDM.
3. Power drive system, or PDS, is a term used throughout this technical guide. A PDS includes the frequency
converter and feeding section (the CDM and BDM), motors, sensors, all cabling, filters, panels and any other
components needed to make the PDS work effectively.
Note: The load is not considered part of the PDS, but the
CDM can incorporate the supply sections and ventilation.
TERMS THAT YOU MUST KNOW
22 EU Council Directives | Technical guide No. 2
Now we strongly advise you turn to page 23, to discover the
type of person you are.
Purchasing decisions for PDSs
Power drive system ( PDS)
CDM
( Complete drive module)
Feeder section
Field supply
Auxiliaries
Others
Motor & sensors
Driven equipment
or load
Installation or part of installation
HOW THE TERMS
FIT TOGETHER
BDM ( Basic drive
module)
Control section
Converter section
System control and sequencing
Technical guide No. 2 | EU Council Directives 23
To make this technical guide easy to use, we have also
identified certain types of people who will be involved in
the purchasing of drives.
Please identify the type nearest to your job function and turn to
the relevant section
Continued overleaf...
2
Purchasing decisions for PDSs
WHO ARE YOU?
25
IF THIS IS
YOU, TURN
NOW TO
PAGE...
Machine builder
is a person who buys either a PDS, CDM or BDM and
other mechanical or electrical component parts, such as a
pump, and assembles these into a machine.
Note: A machine is defined as an assembly of linked parts
or components, at least one of which moves. It includes
the appropriate actuators, control and power circuits
joined together for a specific application, in particular for
processing, treatment, moving or packaging of a material.
System designer
carries out all the electrical design of the power drive
system, specifying all component parts which comprise a
PDS.
End-user
is the final customer who will actually use the machine,
PDS or CDM/BDM.
Panel builder
constructs enclosures into which a panel builder will install
a variety of components, including a CDM/BDM and
sometimes the motor. However, the built enclosure does
not constitute a machine.
28
31
32
24 EU Council Directives | Technical guide No. 2
Panel builder
- page 32
Distributor
- page 34
System designer
- page 28
Panel builder
- page 32
Machine
builder
or OEM
- page 25
Installer
- page 35
Installer
- page 35
Purchasing decisions for PDSs
End-user - page 31
Drive manufacturer
WHO ARE YOU?
IF THIS IS
YOU, TURN
NOW TO
PAGE...
25
28
32
Distributor
acts as the sales distribution channel between the CDM/
BDM manufacturer and the end-user, machine builder,
OEM, panel builder or system designer.
Installer
carries out the entire electrical installation of the PDS.
Original equipment manufacturer ( OEM)
For the purposes of purchasing drives, an OEM will
normally fall into the category of a machine builder, system
designer or panel builder. Therefore, if you identify yourself
as an OEM, refer to the relevant pages for each of these
job functions.
35
34
Technical guide No. 2 | EU Council Directives 25
2
NOTE: Before reading this section we strongly urge you to
familiarise yourself with the terms explained on pages 21-24.
If you are a machine builder buying a PDS...
...You have the following responsibilities:
1. Because you are building a complete machine, which includes coupling up the motors to the PDS and providing the
mechanical guarding and so on, you are liable for the total
mechanical and electrical safety of the machine as specified
in the Machinery Directive.
 Therefore, the PDS is ultimately your responsibility. You need
to ensure that the entire PDS meets the Machinery Directive.
Only then can CE marking be applied to the whole machine.
2. You are also responsible for the electrical safety of all parts of
the PDS as specified in the Low Voltage Directive.
3. You must ensure electrical equipment and components are
manufactured in accordance with the EMC Directive. The
manufacturer of these parts is responsible for EMC for that
particular part. Nevertheless you are responsible for EMC for
the machine. You may choose electrical parts not in accordance with the EMC directive, but then you have the responsibility for compliance of parts.
 Note: Be aware that combining CE marked sub-assemblies
may not automatically produce an apparatus that meets the
requirements.
4. You must ensure that the PDS or its component parts carry
declarations of conformity in accordance with the electrical
safety requirements of the Low Voltage Directive.
5. You must be able to assure an authority and customers
that the machine has been built according to the Machinery
Directive, the Low Voltage Directive and the EMC Directive. It may be necessary to issue technical documentation to
demonstrate compliance. You must keep in mind that you and
only you have responsibility for compliance with directives.
6. A Declaration of conformity according to the directives above
must be issued by the machine builder and CE marking must
then be affixed to the machine or system.
7. Any machine that does not comply must be withdrawn from
the market.
Purchasing decisions for PDSs
26 EU Council Directives | Technical guide No. 2
Actions you must take
To meet the Machinery Directive (see page 55) you need to:
a. Comply with the following mechanical safety checklist.
The aim is to eliminate any risk of accident throughout the
machinery’s life. This is not a complete list, the detailed
list is contained within the Machinery Directive:
 Eliminate risk as far as possible, taking the necessary
 protective measures if some risks cannot be eliminated.
 Inform users of the residual risks; indicate whether any
 training is required and stress the need for personal
 protective equipment.
 Machinery design, construction and instructions must
 consider any abnormal use.
 Under the intended conditions of use, the discomfort,
 fatigue and stress of the operator must be reduced.
 The manufacturer must take account of the operator’s
 constraints resulting from the use of personal protective
 equipment.
 Machinery must be supplied with all essential equipment
 to enable it to be used without risk.
b. Comply with the following electrical safety checklist: To ensure
the electrical safety of all parts of the PDS as specified in
the Low Voltage Directive (refer to page 56) you need to
comply with the following safety checklist, which is not
necessarily complete.
 The electricity supply should be equipped with a discon-
 necting device and with emergency devices for prevention
 of unexpected startup.
 The equipment shall provide protection of persons against
 electric shock from direct or indirect contact.
Purchasing decisions for PDSs
Technical guide No. 2 | EU Council Directives 27
2
The equipment is protected against the effects of:
 overcurrent arising from a short circuit.
 overload current.
 abnormal temperatures.
 loss of, or reduction in, the supply voltage.
 overspeed of machines/machine elements.
The electrical equipment is equipped with an equipotential bonding circuit consisting of the:
– PE terminal.
– conductive structural parts of the electrical equipment and
the machine.
– protective conductors in the equipment or the machine.
 The control circuits and control functions ensure safe
 operation including the necessary inter-lockings,
 emergency stop, prevention of automatic re-start, etc.
Defined on page 40
c. Compile a technical file for the machine, including the PDS.
Key point:
Generally, must carry CE marking and have a Declaration of
conformity.
For machines that pose a high risk of accident, a type certification (see page 46) is required from a notified body. Such
machinery is included in Annex IV of the Machinery Directive.
The type certificate issued should be included in the technical
file for the machine or safety component. Refer now to page 40.
 2. Declarations of conformity from each of the
 component suppliers whose products make up the PDS
 and incorporate them into the technical documenta-
 tion, referring to all three directives. If buying a
 PDS from a system designer (see below), he should
 be able to provide all declarations. If system designer
 or component supplier cannot provide a Declaration
 of conformity, the responsibility of demonstrating
 compliance according to EMC Directive or Low
 Voltage Directive lies on machine builder.
Purchasing decisions for PDSs
28 EU Council Directives | Technical guide No. 2
 3. Pass this technical documentation to a notified
body. The machine builder SHOULD NOT pass
the file on to an end-user. Based on the technical
documentation, obtain a Certificate of Adequacy or
technical report from a notified body.
Defined on pages 43, 45 and 46
 4. Issue a Declaration of conformity for the entire
 machine. Only then can you apply CE marking.
 5. Pass the Declaration of conformity related to all
 three directives on to the end-user of the machine.
 6. Apply CE marking to the machine.
 7. Congratulations! You have successfully complied with
 the main requirements for safe and efficient operation
 of a machine.
If you are a system designer
You have the following responsibilities:
1. The PDS is a complex component of the machine. Therefore,
the Machinery Directive has to be complied with by issuing
a Declaration of incorporation.
2. Because a PDS is not a machine, the only directives which
need to be complied with are the Low Voltage Directive and
the EMC Directive.
3. The responsibility for Declaration of conformity and applying CE marking rests with both the system designer and the
supplier of the component parts which make up the power
drive system.
The system designer has to decide if he is going to place his
delivery on the market as a single functional unit or not
– if the answer is YES, the delivery shall be classified as a
system.
– if the answer is NO, the delivery shall be classified as an
installation.
Purchasing decisions for PDSs
Technical guide No. 2 | EU Council Directives 29
2
A. If the delivery is classified as a system, the system designer
 has to choose one of two paths to follow:
Path 1
All components have EMC compliance
1. EMC behaviour is based on a component’s performance.
2. Responsibility lies with the component suppliers for CE
marking of individual complex components
3. PDS is an system according to the EMC Directive (as placed
on the market as a single functional unit).
4. The Declaration of conformity as well as the instructions for
use must refer to the system as whole. The system designer
assumes responsibility for compliance with the Directive.
Note 1: The system designer is responsible for producing the
instructions for use for the particular system as whole.
Note 2: Be aware that combining two or more CE marked subassemblies may not automatically produce a system that meets
the requirements.
5. No CE marking is required for a system as whole, as long as
each part bears the CE mark.
Actions you must take
 1. Follow all installation guidelines issued by each of
 the component suppliers.
 2. Issue instructions for use in order to operate the
 system.
 3. Issue technical documentation for the system.
 4. Issue a Declaration of conformity.
 5. DO NOT issue a CE mark.