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5SHY5055L0002 3BHE019719R0101 GVC736BE101随着人口红利消失、劳动力成本上升，我国制造业的低成本0势正在逐步丧失。劳动力短缺、成本增加、产能过剩及0球经济的疲软制约了中国制造业的发展。据国家统计局公布的数据显示，2015年我国规模以上工业增加值比上年增长6.1%，我国工业增速已由过去10%以上的0速转向10%以下的中0速水平。面对种种压力，自动化、智能化已经成为了我国工业发展的必然趋势。

工业自动化涉及面广、产业链长，国内市场近万亿。据德国工业4.0工作组统计，2012年中国自动化市场规模已达8000亿元，以29%的占比位居0球00。在自动化程度提升和存量市场改造的双重驱动下，2015年工业自动控制系统装置制造行业市场规模超过3500亿元。
整个工业自动化行业的产业链中，上游为原材料，主要包括电子元器件、电力电子器件和钣金结构件等。位居中游的则是智能控制系统，下游是应用行业，包括电力、冶金、电梯、机械等行业的应用。
智能控制系统位于整个产业链的中游，其又可被分为三个层次，即控制层、驱动层和执行层。控制层实现对任务的分析、处理和分配，如PLC、DCS等;驱动层将控制层的任务进行解码，变成能被电机、阀门等能够识别的信号，如变频器和伺服驱动器等;执行层则执行相应的任务，包括电机、阀门等。控制层
随着大规模和超大规模集成电路等微电子技术的发展，PLC已由0初0位机发展到现在的以16位和32位微处理器构成的微机化PC，而且实现了多处理器的多通道处理。如今，PLC技术已非常成熟，不仅控制功能增强，功耗和体积减小，成本下降，可靠性提0，编程和故障检测更为灵活方便。
目前世界上有200多家PLC生产厂家，400多品种的PLC产品，其中通用电气、西门子、欧姆龙、三菱、施耐德等国际型大厂商的产品占据了0球80%以上的PLC市场份额。国内PLC市场大部分由外国的产品所占领，但近年来随着我国使用PLC市场的不断扩大，像台达、华光、信捷等国内企业也逐渐发力。
PLC的未来发展趋势，0是向0速度、大容量方向发展，二是向超大型、超小型两个方向发展，三是PLC大力开发智能模块，加强联网通信能力，四是编程语言多样化。
驱动层
变频器和伺服驱动器都是交流电机的驱动器，工业应用中，速度控制和力矩控制的场合要求不是很0的0般用变频器，有严格位置控制要求的场合中只能用交流伺服驱动器来实现。此外，伺服的响应速度远远大于变频，有些对速度的精度和响应要求0的场合也有用交流伺服驱动器控制。
以往，国内变频器企业实力与规模参差不齐，进口产品占据了国内变频器市场的大部分份额。近年来，本土变频器品牌经过多年发展，逐步扩大了市场占有率，并从单纯的提供产品开始转变为为用户提供系统化的解决方案。目前，市场上的变频器正逐渐走向多元化，通用型、专用型产品的出现，满足了用户的多样需求，为攻占0端市场提供了基础。
交流伺服驱动器的发展趋势是通用化、智能化、网络化和模块化。通用型驱动器配置有大量的参数和丰富的菜单功能，便于用户在不改变硬件配置的条件下设置成各种不同的工作方式，适用于各种场合，可以驱动不同类型的电机;现代交流伺服驱动器都具备参数记忆、故障自诊断和分析功能，有的可以自动辨识电机的参数，自动测定编码器零位，有些则能自动进行振动抑止;随着国内对大规模分布式控制装置的需求上升，0档数控系统的开发成功，网络化数字伺服的开发已经成为当务之急。
执行层
伺服电机又称执行电动机，在自动控制系统中，用作执行元件，把所收到的电信号转换成电动机轴上的角位移或角速度输出。分为直流和交流伺服电动机两大类。目前，外资品牌占据了中国伺服电机市场近80%的市场份额，主要来自日本和欧美。其中，日系产品以约50%的市场份额居首，其0名品牌包括松下、三菱电机、安川、三洋、富士等，在中小型OEM市场上尤其具有垄断0势。受益于产业升级的影响，未来我国伺服行业将保持较快增长，国产替代空间很大。然而，中国虽然市场巨大，但工控业整体技术发展相对滞后，自动化市场的本土化率不足40%，美、日、德等国外知名品牌公司相比国内生产厂商具有0对0势。为了搭建0端、直接的工业控制与机器人行业技术交流平台，协助国内企业掌握核心技术，提0国内企业的市场竞争力，大比特将于 2016年11月25日 在上海举办0三届工业控制与机器人技术创新研讨会 。
　　过程控制级具体实现了信号的输入、变换、运算和输出等分散控制功能。在不同的DCS中，过程控制级的控制装置各不相同，如过程控制单元、现场控制站、过程接口单元等等，但它们的结构形式大致相同，可以统称为现场控制单元FCU。过程管理级由工程师站、操作员站、管理计算机等组成，完成对过程控制级的集中监视和管理，通常称为操作站。DCS的硬件和软件，都是按模块化结构设计的，所以DCS的开发实际上就是将系统提供的各种基本模块按实际的需要组合成为0个系统，这个过程称为系统的组态。
Recently, abb signed a supply agreement with Aker solutions, the leader of sustainable energy solutions, to provide major electrical, automation and safety systems for the northern lights project in Norway. Aker solutions is the EPC contractor of the project. The project is the first industrial carbon capture and storage project jointly constructed by Norwegian national oil company equinor, shell and total energy. It aims to develop an open and flexible infrastructure to safely store carbon dioxide emitted by European industry. The first phase of the project is planned to be completed in the middle of 2024, when 1.5 million tons of carbon dioxide will be permanently stored every year, and the storage capacity of the second phase of the project will be expanded to more than 5 million tons per year. ABB's automation, electrical and digital solutions will be an important part of the aurora borealis project to help the new carbon capture terminal achieve remote operation and ensure efficient operation of the facility. With ABB's industry-leading distributed control system ABB ability ™ With the system 800xA, operators will be able to have a clearer understanding of the operation of the aurora borealis storage facilities. The real-time and historical data analysis capabilities provided by ABB system can instantly present the operation data and KPIs of the plant, so as to help operators make more accurate and wise decisions and choose the best asset and process performance optimization scheme. Abb is not only the market leader of distributed control system, but also our long-term trusted partner. It has a comprehensive understanding of our business and expertise in land, sea and seabed projects. This is our key consideration in selecting suppliers. We must entrust important remote operations to partners with rich successful experience in reliability and performance optimization, so as to lay a solid foundation for this important development plan.



In order to achieve 1.7 billion tons of carbon dioxide capture by 2030 and achieve net zero emissions by 2050, industrial carbon capture and storage capacity is undoubtedly crucial in view of the current inability to curb industrial carbon emissions. Aurora Borealis is a significant development plan, which not only helps to rebalance the carbon cycle, but also demonstrates the spirit of innovation. We are delighted to participate in this inspiring project and contribute to a safer, smarter and more sustainable future. The special transport ship will transport the captured and liquefied carbon dioxide from the emission site to the aurora borealis Ø ygarden storage facility in western Norway, and conduct remote control through equinor's sture terminal facility located about 7 kilometers away. In order to realize remote operation, abb will establish an advanced extended operator workstation in the aurora borealis storage facility, which will work together with sture's central control room to significantly shorten the response time through seamless communication and provide 24/7 remote operation.





ABB will not only provide shore power solutions, but also deploy the main electrical system through the power process management system and the integration of high and low voltage switchboards and transformers to provide power support for the whole project. From July 7 to July 10, abb appeared at the first Xiamen International Red Power new grid equipment exhibition, bringing the world's leading digital distribution solutions. This exhibition focuses on building a tight circulation platform on the supply side and demand side of China's power and electrical industry, and jointly building a new power system with the upstream and downstream of the supply chain to help achieve the "double carbon" goal.





ABB showed its leading medium and low voltage distribution products and system solutions, including ABB unigear ZS1 500mm wide medium voltage air insulated metal enclosed digital switchgear, primegear zx0 environmentally friendly gas insulated switchgear, and neogear ™ Laminated busbar scheme low voltage switchgear, ivd4 ® Innovative products and solutions such as medium voltage intelligent solutions show ABB's leading technical support for achieving China's "carbon neutrality" goal. To achieve the goal of "double carbon", we need to build a new power system with new energy as the main body. Through the Multi Strategy precise tuning innovative solution of ABB zee600 smart energy management center, we can realize the flexible and precise regulation of "source network load storage", and create a green, low-carbon, strong, reliable, intelligent, efficient, safe and comfortable smart park. Through AI big data analysis and optimization and precise regulation and management, we can maximize the local consumption of clean energy, Improve energy efficiency and help achieve carbon emission reduction goals. ABB unigear ZS1 500mm wide switchgear, a complete set of power Internet of things solutions for medium voltage air insulated switches, is only 500mm wide, with withdrawable circuit breakers, which reduces the floor area by 25%, realizes the pre assembly of two sets and improves the efficiency of on-site installation. Using ABB ability ™ Cloud technology "cares" the health of equipment throughout its life cycle, and realizes the leap forward transformation from passive operation and maintenance and preventive detection to predictive maintenance.




ABB primegear zx0 is a 10/24kv environment-friendly digital gas insulated switchgear launched by ABB in the era of digital economy and double carbon based on mature technology and in line with the concept of modern green development. This product inherits the advantages of existing GIS products and has achieved new breakthroughs in environmental protection, safety, reliability, miniaturization and intelligence. The product can be widely used in residential power distribution, rail transit, commercial construction, industry, highways, bridges and tunnels and other fields. ABB NeoGear ™ Low voltage switchgear is a revolutionary innovation of ABB group. Latest neogear ™ The switch cabinet adopts the innovative four pole laminated busbar scheme, combined with abb ability ™ The connectivity and digital capability of the platform can reduce the occupied space by 25%, reduce the heating capacity by 20%, and reduce the operation and maintenance cost by 30%.





This switch cabinet also has a "higher level" safety design. The full insulation design ensures the safety protection of all live parts. The bus components used are 92% less than those of traditional switchgear, and the electrical connectors are 90% less. On the basis of reducing costs and improving operation and maintenance efficiency, making switchgear safer has become an ideal choice for power, food and beverage, data center and other industries. In addition, ivd4 ® The medium voltage intelligent solution was also presented at the exhibition. It realized the deep integration of VD4 Vacuum Circuit Breaker with sensors and monitoring units. The integrated solution is ready to use, helping customers realize the perception of switchgear status more smoothly and intuitively. The accurate evaluation system provides targeted operation and maintenance suggestions, and brings customers a better, more reliable and safer intelligent distribution operation and management experience. High current type

The circuit topology is named for the use of inductive elements in the DC link of the low-voltage converter. The input side adopts thyristor phase-shifting control rectification to control the current of the motor, and the output side adopts forced commutation to control the frequency and phase of the motor. It can realize the four quadrant operation of the motor.

High voltage type

The step-down transformer is introduced in the front section to step down the power grid, and then connect the low-voltage frequency converter. The input side of the low-voltage frequency converter can adopt silicon controlled phase-shifting control rectification, or two tube three-phase bridge direct rectification, and the middle DC part adopts capacitor smoothing and energy storage. IGBT components are often used in inverter or converter circuits. Through SPWM transformation, alternating current with variable frequency and amplitude can be obtained, and then transformed into the voltage level required by the motor through step-up transformer. It should be pointed out that a sine wave filter (f) needs to be placed between the converter circuit and the step-up transformer, otherwise the step-up transformer will heat up due to excessive input harmonics or dv/dt, or damage the insulation of the winding. The cost of this sine wave filter is very high, which is generally equivalent to 1/3 to 1/2 of the price of low-voltage inverter.

High frequency conversion

The high-voltage converter does not need the voltage rise and fall transformer, and the power device directly constructs the converter between the power grid and the motor. Because the problem of withstand voltage of power devices is difficult to solve, the current direct method is to use devices in series to improve the voltage level. Its disadvantage is that it needs to solve the problem of voltage equalization and buffer of devices, which is complex and difficult. However, this kind of frequency converter has no voltage rise and fall transformer, so its efficiency is high, its mode is high, and its structure is relatively compact.

Vector controlled high-voltage inverter has also been applied.

Current situation abroad

Major foreign frequency converter manufacturers have formed a series of products, and their control systems have also achieved full digitalization. Almost all products have vector control function, and the perfect process level is also a foreign feature. In developed countries, as long as there are motors, there will be frequency converters at the same time. Its current development is mainly shown as follows:

① Technology development started early and has a considerable scale of industrialization.

② The frequency converter that can provide extra large power has exceeded 10000kw.

③ The technical standards of frequency conversion and speed regulation products are relatively complete.

④ The supporting industries and industries related to frequency converters have begun to take shape.

⑤ It can produce power devices in frequency converters, such as IGBT, IGCT, sgct, etc.

⑥ High voltage inverter is widely used in various industries and has achieved remarkable economic benefits.

⑦ Internationalization and localization of products have intensified.

⑧ New technologies and processes emerge in endlessly, and are widely and rapidly applied to products.

Future situation

AC variable frequency speed regulation technology is a comprehensive technology of strong and weak current mixing and electromechanical integration. It not only deals with the conversion of huge electric energy (rectification and inversion), but also deals with the collection, transformation and transmission of information. Therefore, it must be divided into two parts: success rate and control. The former should solve the technical problems related to high voltage and large current, and the latter should solve the software and hardware control problems. Therefore, in the future, high-voltage variable-frequency speed regulation technology will also be developed in these two aspects, mainly as follows:

① High voltage inverter will develop in the direction of high power, miniaturization and lightness.

② High voltage inverter will develop in two directions: direct device high voltage and multiple superposition (device series and unit series).

③ New power semiconductor devices with higher voltage and greater current will be used in high voltage converters.

④ At this stage, IGBT, IGCT and sgct will still play a major role, and SCR and GTO will withdraw from the inverter market.

⑤ The application of speed sensorless vector control, flux control and direct torque control will be mature.

⑥ Fully realize digitization and automation: parameter self setting technology; Process self optimization technology; Fault self diagnosis technology.

⑦ The application of 32-bit MCU, DSP, ASIC and other devices to achieve high-precision, multi-function inverter.

⑧ Relevant supporting industries are moving towards industrialization and large-scale development, and the social division of labor will be more obvious. With the further deepening of technical research, domestic high-voltage converters can be compared with imported converters in theory and function, but due to the limitations of technology, the gap with imported products is still obvious. These conditions are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

① Major foreign products are stepping up their occupation of the domestic market and accelerating the pace of localization.

② The R & D capacity and industrialization scale are increasing year by year.

③ The power of domestic high-voltage inverter is also increasing. At present, the domestic application has achieved 20000KW.

④ The technical standards of domestic high-voltage inverter need to be standardized.